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April 1, 1999
CONCAWE issues guidelines on gasoline volatility aspects for year 2000 EN 228 standard
Gasoline volatility specifications are defined in volatility classes in the European Standard EN 228. CEN member countries have selected up to three volatility classes to satisfy the driveability re...
April 1, 1999
Energy use and CO2 emissions in refinery operations
Increasing the complexity and severity of refinery operations to meet new product specifications, necessarily leads to an increase in energy use.
This can be (partially) offset by improved energy e...
January 21, 1999
Proposal for revision of volatility classes in EN 228 specification in light of EU fuels directive
Report no. 99/51: CONCAWE has reviewed the current gasoline volatility specifications within EN228 relating to hot weather drive ability, i.e. RVP, E70 and Vapour Lock Index (VLI), in anticipation of...
December 21, 1998
The Seveso 2 directive and the oil industry
Report no. 7/98: This report has been prepared in order to give guidance to the management of sites in the oil industry on the interpretation of the Seveso 2 (or COMAH) Directive. Emphasis has been pu...
November 21, 1998
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in automotive exhaust emissions and fuels
Report no. 98/55: A comprehensive literature review of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in automotive exhaust emissions and fuels has been conducted. Sources and mechanisms of their formation in...
October 23, 1998
CONCAWE Review – Autumn 1998
Volume 7 • Number 2: Dear Reader,
Agreement has now been reached between the Environment Council and the European Parliament on the 2000/2005 emission standards for passenger cars and light comm...
October 21, 1998
A survey of European gasoline qualities – summer 1996
Report no. 5/98: CONCAWE has conducted a new survey of gasoline qualities in sixteen European countries. Over 1100 samples were collected in the summer period 1996 and analysed. This report summarises...
October 21, 1998
Opportunities and costs to upgrade the quality of automotive diesel fuel
Report no. 88/52: The results of last year's study of opportunities and costs to upgrade quality of automotive diesel fuel in the EEC were included in CONCAWE Report No. 10187 "Diesel fuel quality and...
October 1, 1998
The hazards of static electricity
Static electricity incidents have occurred in recent years which have highlighted concerns about explosion or fire while transferring vehicle fuels. These may indicate that changes taking place threat...
October 1, 1998
Reclassification of petroleum substances
EINECS, the European Inventory of Existing Chemical Substances, contains entries for 661 petroleum substances, all of which have to be classified and labelled under the Dangerous Substances Directiv...
October 1, 1998
The ‘Precautionary Principle’
The Precautionary Principle has become very much a part of the vocabulary of the general environmental scene today. It has found its way into various international declarations and conventions, is bei...
October 1, 1998
Cost-effectiveness of marine vapour emissions control
The European Directive (94/63/EC) on the ‘control of volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions resulting from the storage of petrol and its distribution from terminals to service stations’, the so...
October 1, 1998
Acidification strategy sensitivity analysis
In mid 1997, the European Commission published its strategy to combat adverse environmental effects resulting from the deposition of acidifying pollutants. The ultimate target was to achieve zero exce...
October 1, 1998
Automotive polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH)
The International Agency for Research on Cancer has classified certain PAH as carcinogenic to animals and probably carcinogenic to humans. Evidence for the carcinogenicity of some PAH is equivocal;for...
June 21, 1998
Pilot study to investigate airborne benzene levels in service station kiosks
Report no. 98/53: This report describes the results of a small pilot study which was carried out in two service stations in the UK. The purpose of the study was to compare the concentrations of benzen...
May 21, 1998
Мethods of prevention, detection and control of spillages in European oil pipelines
Report no. 1/98: This report gives information on the measures which are used to ensure safe operation of industry pipelines in Western Europe related to the causes of spillages.
The result of the...
April 15, 1998
European Downstream Oil Industry Safety Performance
Report no. 4/98: Statistical Summary of Reported Incidents - 1997 and overview 1993 to 1997....
April 1, 1998
Automotive particulate matter
Particulate matter (PM) in the air continues to be the focus of increased attention due to the concern of potential health effects. Accordingly, under the EU Air Quality Framework Directive an air q...
February 21, 1998
A study of the number, size & mass of exhaust particles emitted from European diesel and gasoline vehicles under steady-state and European driving cycle conditions
Report no. 98/51: This study investigates the measurement of the mass and the number of light duty automotive (diesel and gasoline) exhaust particles and their related size distributions. Different an...
November 22, 1997
A joint petroleum / petrochemical barge inspection questionnaire
Report no. 97/55: This report provides an agreed checklist to be used when carrying out pre-chartering checks of barges intended for the transport of petroleum products and similar petrochemicals with...
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