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April 21, 1997
Proposed EU year 2000 gasoline volatility specifications
Report no. 97/53: A CONCAWE study identified the proposed flat maximum RVP limit across Europe to be of greatest concern within the gasoline volatility specification in the year 2000EU Draft Fuels Dir...
April 21, 1997
The health hazards and exposures associated with gasoline containing MTBE
Report no. 97/54: This report compares the toxicological properties of gasoline with and without MTBE. It also reviews the available occupational and consumer exposure data for MTBE....
April 1, 1997
Less oil in refinery effluents
CONCAWE first started collecting data on refinery effluents as long ago as 1969. In those days, environmental awareness was in its infancy and this was reflected in the quantity of oil discharged in...
March 21, 1997
Motor vehicle emission regulations and fuel specifications. Part 2: Detailed information and historic review (1970-1996)
Report no. 6/97: This report details the development of world-wide legislation and regulations governing motor vehicle emissions, fuel specifications and fuel consumption from circa 1970 to 1996. It d...
January 21, 1997
Exposure profile: gasoline
Report no. 97/52: This report details the available exposure data for gasoline and gasoline products. It provides information on estimated release rates; measured human exposure data for occupationall...
January 21, 1997
Scientific basis for an air quality standard for carbon monoxide
Report no. 97/51: Carbon Monoxide (CO) is emitted into the atmosphere mainly as a product of the incomplete combustion of carbonaceous material. The major sources of CO exposure for the general, non-s...
November 21, 1996
Diesel fuel/engine interaction and effects on exhaust emissions. Part 1: diesel fuel density. Part 2: heavy duty diesel engine technology
Report no. 96/60: CONCAWE has investigated two major aspects of fuel/engine interaction and the resulting effects on exhaust emissions:
• The impact of fuel density on the particulate emissions o...
November 21, 1996
Overview of the Concawe middle distillate programme
Report no. 96/62: This report reviews the results from a three phase programme of work designed to investigate the factors influencing the skin carcinogenicity of middle distillates. In particular, it...
October 21, 1996
Nitrogen dioxide: evaluation of human health risks in chamber studies
Report no. 96/59: In 1995 the World Health Organization/European region (WHO/EU) proposed a 1-hour exposure guideline of 0.11 ppm for NO2. This guideline is based on a 50%uncertainty factor applied to...
May 21, 1996
Acute aquatic toxicity of kerosines report on Concawe test programme
Report no. 96/55: This report describes the experimental procedures and the results obtained in acute ecotoxicity tests on three kerosine samples.
The samples were tested for toxicity to the rainbo...
May 21, 1996
Review of WHO regional office for Europe proposed short-term SO2 air quality guideline
Report no. 96/58: The World Health Organization (WHO) regional office for Europe recommends an SO2 guideline of 500 μg/m3 (0.175 ppm) for a 10-minute sampling time, an uncertainty factor of 2, and a...
April 21, 1996
The measurement of the size range and number distribution of airborne particles related to automotive sources – a literature study
Report no. 96/56: This report reviews the literature relating to particulate size measurement and the techniques suggested for different applications. Successful measurements have been made using casc...
March 13, 1996
European Downstream Oil Industry Safety Performance
Report no. 3/96: Statistical summary of reported incidents - 1995. This report is the second by CONCAWE reviewing the safety performance of the downstream oil industry in Western Europe. It includes t...
February 21, 1996
Environmental risk assessment of petroleum substances: the hydrocarbon block method
Report no. 96/52: This report describes an approach to environmental risk assessment for petroleum substances compatible with the principles described in EU Technical Guidance Documents....
January 21, 1996
The influence of gasoline benzene and aromatics content on benzene exhaust emissions from non-catalyst and catalyst equipped cars. A study of European data
Report no. 96/51: An analysis of data on the effect of gasoline benzene and aromatics contents on exhaust benzene emissions has been conducted. It was based on data from CONCAWE member companies and a...
January 21, 1996
A year long study of ambient air concentrations of benzene around a service station
Report no. 95/63: This report describes the results obtained from measurements of ambient benzene levels around a single service station in the UK over a one year period.
Continuous sampling was ac...
January 13, 1996
European Downstream Oil Industry Safety Performance
Report no. 1/96: Statistical summary of reported incidents - 1993 & 1994. This report is the first by CONCAWE reviewing the safety performance of the downstream oil industry in Western Europe. It...
November 21, 1995
The influence of gasoline mid-range to back-end volatility on exhaust emissions
Report no. 95/61: This report is a literature review of recent published studies evaluating the effects of mid-range to back-end volatility on regulated emissions from gasoline powered vehicles. It is...
November 13, 1995
Effect of product quality changes on energy consumption and CO2 emissions from European refineries
Report no. 6/95: This report quantifies the impact of demand arid product quality changes on refinery energy consumption, and therefore CO2 emissions, covering the period from 1980 through to 2010. Re...
October 21, 1995
Alternative fuels in the automotive market
Report no. 2/95: A review of the advantages and disadvantages of alternative fuels for road transport has been conducted. Based on numerous literature sources and in-house data, CONCAWE concludes that...
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