For many years, CONCAWE has produced a regular update to their report on ‘motor vehicle emission regulations and fuel specifications’. Over the years, this has become a key compilation and ready reference manual for many readers. A comprehensive update to Part 1 of...
Volume 13, issue no. 1: CONservation of Clean Air and Water in Europe was CONCAWE’s original ‘raison d’être’ and gave the association its name. Water quality issues have been less in focus in recent years, partly as a result of earlier advances, in particular the...
Introduction Refineries handle significant volumes of water, often comparable to the amount of hydrocarbons they process. In common with many industries some of this is discharged as an effluent. Traditionally most effluent discharges have been assessed and controlled...
The recent update to the EU Fuels Directive specifies a maximum sulphur content of 50 mg/kg in gasolines and diesel fuels from 2005, with ‘appropriately balanced geographic availability’ of sulphur-free fuels from the same date, progressing to 100% coverage of...
The Well-to-Wheels (WTW) study carried out jointly by EUCAR, JRC/IES and CONCAWE was completed at the end of 2003. The study considered a wide range of primary energy sources, automotive fuels and powertrains. The energy and GHG balance was estimated for close to 500...
