Report no. 7/22: Petroleum refinery effluents (PRE) are wastewaters from industries associated with oil refining. Within EU, PREs are regulated through local discharge permits and receive significant treatment before emission. After treatment, PREs can still contain...
Report no. 5/22: LNAPL stands for “Light Non-Aqueous Phase Liquids” or hydrocarbons that exist as a separate undissolved phase in the subsurface at some sites with legacy releases of fuels. They are referred to as “Light” because most petroleum hydrocarbons are less...
Report no. 4/22: The current Best Available Techniques (BAT) Reference document (BREF) for the mineral oil refining sector (REF BREF) contains requirements such as reducing water consumption by water recycling and internal water reuse. However, the terms water reuse,...
Report no. 3/22: Concawe’s Low Carbon Pathways (LCP) programme aims to identify opportunities and challenges for different low-carbon technologies and feedstocks to achieve a significant reduction of the carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions associated with both the...
Report no. 5/21: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a group of widely used man-made organic chemical substances. They contain alkyl groups on which all or many of the hydrogen atoms have been replaced with fluorine. As such, they contain at least one...
