Air quality trends in London confirm predictions

Apr 1, 2001

In response to growing concern over urban air quality in the European Union, the 90s saw an unprecedented legislative focus on reducing emissions from road transport. The Consolidated Vehicles Directive (CVD) and its revision (Council Directives 91/441/EEC and...

Emission control at marine terminals

Oct 1, 2000

The European ‘Stage 1’ Directive 94/63/EC on the control of volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions mandates the installation of vapour emission controls for automotive gasoline storage and loading of road and rail tankers and inland waterway barges. Ship loading...

Regional ozone in Europe

Oct 1, 2000

Over the past three years, both the European Commission and the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UN-ECE) have developed response strategies to combat concerns over acidification, eutrophication and regional ozone. In each case ‘Integrated Assessment...

Automotive particulate emissions

Oct 1, 2000

Particulate matter (PM) in the air continues to be the focus of increased attention due to concerns over potential health effects. Under the EU Air Quality Framework Directive an air quality standard has been defined with respect to PM10 with a review planned in 2003....

Aquatic toxicity testing for petroleum substances

Oct 1, 2000

The EU Dangerous Substances Directive (DSD) provides a systematic approach for the classification of substances based on knowledge of their intrinsic properties and in accordance with defined hazard criteria. The 18th Adaptation to Technical Progress (ATP) of the DSD...