Over the past year, many new initiatives have been launched in the area of sustainable transport. The EU Commission’s ‘White Paper’ on European Transport Policy was issued in 2001, followed by initiatives on biofuels, other ‘renewable’ fuels and diversification...
Report no. 2/02: Recent literature publications have been used to estimate the energy and greenhouse gas balance of the most relevant biofuels in Europe, i.e. ethanol and Rapeseed Methyl Ester (RME). The potential for biofuels to substitute conventional fuels on the...
The draft 2005 Fuels Directive, proposed by the European Commission in May 2001 (updating 98/70/EC), included a consolidation of the requirements for non-road diesel, but did not impose any more stringent limits on this fuel. Amongst its amendments to the Commission’s...
In response to concerns over the contribution of international shipping to air pollution, during the 1990s, the International Maritime Organization of the United Nations developed an annex to the MARPOL Convention covering air pollution from ships (Annex VI). This...
Biofuels can, in principle, provide a renewable source of energy and, by displacing fossil fuels, reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions to the atmosphere. However, the biofuels production process itself consumes energy and emits greenhouse gases. To identify what the...
