Impact of marine fuels quality legislation on EU refineries at the 2020 horizon

Report no. 3/09: Legislative measures recently adopted by the International Maritime Organisation (IMO) pave the way for a dramatic reduction of the sulphur content of international marine fuels. Based on a 2020 reference scenario taking into account all expected product quality changes and demand change forecast, this report analyses the specific impact of marine fuel quality changes on EU refineries focussing on configuration, investments, energy consumption and CO₂ emissions.