Concawe Reports

Emergency planning guidance notes

Report no. 11/87: These are three of a series of Guidance Notes to be issued by CONCAWE on the general subject of major hazards with specific reference t o the implementation of the requirements of th...

Diesel fuel quality and its relationship with emissions from diesel engines

Report no. 10/87: CONCAWE predicts future (year 2000) diesel fuel properties to essentially in the range of 43 to 54 cetane number (median value: 48.5) and 0.825 to 0.870 density (median value: 0.846)...

An investigation into evaporative hydrocarbon emissions from European vehicles

Report no. 87/60: The report covers an experimental programme to determine evaporative hydrocarbon emission levels from a range of modern European cars, and the effects of various fuel and vehicle par...

Sulphur emissions from small stationary oil combustion plant and the availability of low sulphur fuel oil in the EEC

Report no. 87/61: This report deals with sulphur emissions from combustion plant of capacities less than 50 MW/h and the possible effect the implementation of the EEC Large Combustion Plant Directive...

Volatile organic compound emissions in western Europe: control options and their cost-effectiveness for gasoline vehicles, distribution and refining

Report no. 6/87: This report summarises the conclusions drawn by CONCAWE from its recent work on volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions in Western Europe. The underlying data are published by CO...

A survey of exposures to gasoline vapour

Report no. 4/87: This report presents data on 540 personal gasoline vapour exposure measurements collected in 13 European countries by an industrial hygiene task force during 1984 and 1985 and stored...

Effects of skin contact with gasoline containing methanol

Report no. 87/54: The use of methanol as a blending component in gasoline raises two questions concerning potential health hazards from skin contact with liquid fuel: Is gasoline containing metha...

The health experience of workers in the petroleum manufacturing and distribution industry

Report no. 2/87: A review over one hundred papers on the health effects of workers engaged in the manufacture and distribution of gasoline revealed inconsistent results. This may, in part, be due to t...

Cost-effectiveness of hydrocarbon emission controls in refineries from crude oil receipt to product dispatch

Report no. 87/52: CONCAWE has recognised that, despite the relatively small contribution to hydrocarbon emissions in Europe arising from petroleum refining and distribution, there is need for document...

Future diesel fuel quality

Report no. 86/71: CCMC is providing information regarding fuel quality requirements of diesel engines in relation engine design characteristics and to emission and noise control. On the other hand,...

Health aspects of worker exposure to oil mists

Report no. 86/69: The current Threshc lue (TLV) for worker exposure to oil mist recommended by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) is an 8-hour time-weighted average...

Measured data on NOx, emissions in European refineries

Report no. 6/86: Recent NO concentration measurements provided by CONCAWE member companies, confirm earlier estimates of oil refinery NOx emissions. For 1985, emissions from refineries are calculat...

US experience of hydrocarbon and NOx, emissions control

Report no. 86/70: This paper summarises the presentation given by Dr L.J. McCabe in October 1985 at the CONCAWE Seminar on "Atmospheric emissions and their effects on the environment in Europe with pa...

The relationship between automotive diesel fuel characteristics and engine performance

Report no. 86/65: This report discusses the influence of diesel fuel characteristics on emissions and performance, with particular emphasis on the effect of changing fuel properties on exhaust emissio...

Residue hydrodesulphurization investment and operating costs

Report no. 4/86: In view of the continuing interest in the costs of desulphuriration in connection with possible sulphur control strategies, CONCAWE has updated the costs of residue hydrodesulphurirst...

Sulphur emissions from combustion of residual fuel oil based on EEC energy demand and supply 1980-2000

Report no. 5/86: An assessment has been made of the energy consumption and oil combustion related sulphur emissions in the period 1980-2000 for the EEC-I0 countries. The possibility of further sulp...

Volatile organic compound emissions: an inventory for Western Europe

Report no. 2/86: This report gives details of an inventory compiled by Concawe and covering man-made non-methane volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions in Western Europe. The survey shows that t...

Proceedings of the Concawe seminar on atmospheric emissions and their effects on the environment in Europe with particular reference to the role of hydrocarbons

Report no. 86/61: Forest die-back on a large scale in Europe and North America has led to renewed investigations into the role of air pollution and its ecological impact. Essential elements in the...

Review of European oil industry benzene exposure data

Report no. 3/86: This report summarises data on exposure to benzene during the manufacture end distribution of gasoline in Europe. Exposures in various types of jobs are reviewed against the 8-hourtim...

Effects of petroleum hydrocarbons on the nervous system

Report no. 86/51: Recently it has been claimed that long-term exposure to low levels of petroleum hydrocarbons may impair behaviour and memory. This claim has led t o an appraisal of the effect of...

Workplace noise and hearing conservation

Report no. 7/85: Prolonged and repeated exposure to loud noise can cause permanent damage to hearing, resulting in noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). In the work environment prevention of NIHL may...

Cost of control of sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxides and particulates emissions from large combustion plants in oil refineries

Report no. 7/84: This report presents the results of a study on the cost of controlling emissions of SO, NOx and particulates from oil refineries by flue gas treatment. Reductions of emissions have...

Effects of the introduction of unleaded gasolines on the gasoline storage/distribution system

Report no. 2/84: The report reviews the factors to be taken into consideration when assessing the effects of superimposing one, or two, unleaded gasoline grades on the existing leaded gasoline storage...

Assessment of the energy balances and economic consequences of the reduction and elimination of lead in gasoline

Report no. 11/83R: This report gives details of a study carried out at the request of the EEC working Group: Evolution of Regulations - Global Approach (ERGA). The study assesses the impact of reducin...