Concawe Reports
Reports
A Review of Particulate Matter Emission Factors for Gas Firing in Combustion Units at Refineries
Report no. 2/25: Particulate matter is defined as either filterable (FPM) or condensable (CPM) and by size: FPM2.5 refers to filterable particles with aerodynamic diameters ≤2.5 μm and FPM10 those...
Reports
Measurements of emissions of Particulate Matter (PM) and Semi-Volatile and Intermediate-Volatility Organic Compounds (S/IVOC) from refinery sources – Phase 1: A refinery fuel gas-fired heater
Report no. 1/25: This report provides the results from two measurement campaigns carried out on a gas-fired heater at a refinery in north-west Europe. The main purposes of the campaigns were i) to mea...
Reports
Hazard classification and labelling of petroleum substances in the European Economic Area – 2024
Report no. 15/24: This report updates Concawe’s classification and labelling recommendations of report No. 9/23 to address the latest updates to Concawe dossiers and changes to CLP regulation. Furth...
Reports
Sustainable Remediation: Identification of sustainable management practices (SMPs) for remediation projects at fuel manufacturing sites
This report presents the results of the initial phase of the project and is the culmination of a workshop held by Concawe in April 2024 and subsequent inputs from Concawe members and the CL:AIRE/ERM t...
Reports
Biogenic volatile organic compound emissions and their impact on urban air quality: Lessons learned, current understanding and future challenges
Biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) can have a significant impact on atmospheric composition, impacting both air quality and climate. This review provides a comprehensive examination of BVOC e...
Reports
Review of End-Of-Life Management Options for Refinery Equipment and Lubricants/Greases Potentially Containing PFAS
Report no. 12/24: This report presents a review of end-of-life equipment and components containing PFAS, in particular fluoropolymers, used in refinery and fuel distribution facilities. The project in...
Reports
Water Use and Efficiencies in Refineries
Report no. 10/24: This report has been prepared by ERM for Concawe with the aim of describing current water use in EU refineries, establishing the refining water footprint, and examining alternatives...
Reports
European downstream oil industry safety performance – Statistical summary of reported incidents, 2023
Report no. 9/24: The 2023 annual report on European downstream oil industry safety performance presents work-related personal injuries for the industry’s own employees and contractors and process sa...
Reports
Sustainability Assessment of Waste Sludges Management Options
Report Nº 11/24: This report presents a sustainability assessment of waste oily sludges treatment technologies in refinery operations. It provides further analysis of sources, volumes, pre-treatment...
Reports
PFAS Soil Treatment Processes – A Review of Operating Ranges and Constraints
Report Nº 8/24: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a broad class of man-made chemicals, exceeding several thousands, which have been widely used in industrial and consumer applications si...
Reports
Performance of European cross-country oil pipelines – Statistical summary of reported spillages in 2022 and since 1971
Report Nº 7/24: Concawe has collected 52 years of spillage data on European cross-country oil pipelines. At over 35,000 km the current inventory covered by the Concawe survey includes the majority of...
Reports
Renewable electricity demand-supply assessment for EU process industries for 2030
Report Nº 6/24: VITO/EnergyVille was commissioned to do a quantitative assessment of renewable electricity (RES-E) supply and demand projections for process and fuel manufacturing industries for 2030...
Reports
Proceedings of the Concawe Workshop for an Analytical Technology Exchange to meet Health & Environmental Regulatory Challenges for UVCBs
Report Nº 5/24: These proceedings are a record of the Concawe workshop held in Helsinki, Finland at the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) on the 8th November 2023.
The workshop aimed to increase th...
Reports
E-Fuels: A techno-economic assessment of European domestic production and imports towards 2050 – Update
Report Nº 4/24: Concawe and Aramco have jointly commissioned this study, aiming to conduct a techno-environmental (Part 1) and economic (Part 2) analysis of different e-fuels pathways produced in dif...
Reports
Risk assessment and success factors for mobility electrification – Why developing a robust, competitive, resilient, sustainable, and sovereign battery industry is critical to succeed in the green energy transition
High-performance batteries play a crucial role in the advancement of electric mobility. They are essential for unlocking the full potential of electrification in transportation, while also presenting...
Reports
A life-cycle assessment tool for heavy-duty vehicles
Report Nº 3/24: This report is the supporting document to the life-cycle assessment tool for heavy- duty vehicles (HDVs) developed by IFP Energies nouvelles and commissioned by Concawe that was publi...
Reports
Effect of fuel on gasoline particulates emissions
Report Nº 2/24: Concawe conducted a research programme in cooperation with VTT examining the relationship between gasoline physical-chemical properties and particulate number (PN) emissions. The comp...
Reports
Influence of aviation fuel composition on the formation and lifetime of contrails – A literature review
Report No. 01/24: The question of how aviation fuel composition affects the formation and lifetime of contrails is a complex one. Although the theory regarding initial contrail formation is well-found...
Reports
A Survey on European Refineries Waste with Focus on Waste Sludges 2019-2021
Report no. 12/23: This report provides a statistical analysis of waste production by Concawe member company refineries in the years 2019, 2020 and 2021, based on survey data returned from 68 member co...
Reports
Case Studies and Analysis of Sustainable Remediation Techniques and Technologies
Report no. 11/23: The concept of sustainable remediation has become well established in the remediation industry and its application has spread around the world. However, there is a recognised gap in...
Reports
Hazard classification and labelling of petroleum substances in the European Economic Area – 2023
Report no. 9/23:
This report updates Concawe’s classification and labelling recommendations Report No. 1/22 to address latest updates to Concawe dossiers and changes to CLP regulation.
Further...
Reports
The impact of aviation emissions to urban air quality in Europe – Detailed airport-city analysis
Report no. 10/23:
Aviation causes emissions of NOx, SO2 and PM that have a negative impact on air quality. To investigate the extent of this impact, simulations with the chemical transport model (C...
Reports
European downstream oil industry safety performance
Report no. 8/23: The 2022 annual report on European downstream oil industry safety performance presents work-related personal injuries for the industry’s own employees and contractors and proces...
Reports
Three-way catalyst performance using LPG with two different sulphur levels
Report no. 7/23: An experimental programme was carried out to determine the long-term impact of the level of sulphur present in LPG on the performance of three-way catalytic converters (TWCs) in t...